Classification and characteristics of flue gas from household waste incineration

Classification and characteristics of flue gas from household waste incineration
1、 Dust and heavy metals.
After the incineration of household waste, a large amount of smoke is emitted, and a large amount of dust and heavy metal substances are mixed in the smoke. Given the particularity of household waste, dust and heavy metal substances are inevitable substances, and some special types of household waste incineration can produce more specific smoke pollutants, which have a significant impact on the surrounding ecological environment.
During the incineration treatment of household waste, under high temperature incineration, the volume of waste is rapidly reduced and a large amount of non combustible substances are filtered out. During this process, many waste incineration powders will enter the flue gas with the airflow, forming special dust that contains a large amount of heavy metal substances. Through monitoring and analyzing the atmospheric environment, it can be seen that the smoke emitted after incineration contains a large amount of heavy metal substances. Once inhaled, it will gradually harm the human body, greatly affecting the physical and mental health of the human body.
2、 Dioxins and furans.
As special substances generated by household waste incineration, dioxins and furans are one of the main characteristics of household waste incineration and smoke emissions. Through analysis of the substance, it is found that it is insoluble in water and easily soluble in oil, belonging to a colorless and odorless substance. This substance contains a large amount of chlorinated organic compounds, which are highly toxic. Once the human body excessively absorbs this substance, it can cause significant damage to the body. Therefore, in the incineration of household waste, scientific and reasonable flue gas treatment technology schemes should be adopted to effectively eliminate relevant harmful substances and avoid the emission of flue gas into the atmospheric environment, which will affect the living and health of surrounding residents.
3、 Acidic substances.
Due to the particularity of incineration treatment of household waste, the flue gas generated by incineration contains many acidic substances, such as SOx, NOx, HCl, etc. Under the combination of sulfur dioxide, chloride, and nitrogen oxides, the flue gas becomes acidic. Through the analysis of the generation process of related substances, it can be seen that due to the acidic chemical properties of these substances, they enter the flue gas after incineration of household waste, making the flue gas acidic. Acidic smoke will have a significant impact on surrounding residents, plants, animals, and the environment. In order to effectively avoid this problem, it is necessary to adopt scientific and reasonable purification technologies to achieve effective treatment of flue gas.